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Libraries, once repositories of information, have been transformed into sanctuaries for knowledge seekers and thoughtful minds. Over the centuries, the building type evolved from the mere library. Modern libraries are often collections of spaces that promote community engagement and collaborative learning while providing an escape from the madness of modern life.
Tianshui Library Plaza, designed by Tokyo-based SAKO Architects and nestled in the tranquil scenery of Tianshui, China, is one such place. The 772-square-meter, two-storey facility seamlessly combines the roles of library and daycare center while aiming to achieve a “zero carbon” status, setting a new standard for environmentally friendly construction through library architecture in public spaces.
A commitment to sustainability is at the core of the library’s design philosophy. The building is strategically located facing a residential street in a rural town, with a conscious effort to minimize the number of windows on the perimeter. This effectively enhances the thermal insulation properties and maintains the quietness required for the educational building’s intended use. The understated exterior is a nod to the cluttered surroundings and conceals a refined interior that prioritizes energy efficiency and environmental responsibility, making it a model for sustainable architecture.
The second floor of the building breaks the reserved appearance and adopts a courtyard-centered design. The library uses frameless vacuum triple glazing to open up to the ever-changing sky. This design decision transforms the reading space into a tranquil sanctuary where the subtle dance of light, the movement of clouds and gentle raindrops become integral to the reading experience. The courtyard design is a dynamic canvas that captures fleeting moments and forms a natural timeline in the reading room.
The effect of this light is further enhanced by the mirror effect created by the deep eaves and black corridor spaces. It amplifies the visual impact of the sky, creating an almost magical spectacle. A nine-panel grid, inspired by square patterns, adds a layer of complexity to the otherwise minimalist design, making the appearance an interesting puzzle of large and small windows.
Design elements in plan and elevation follow a consistent square theme. The corridors surrounding the square courtyard and reading room present a mandala-like composition, creating a sense of order and balance. This symmetrical layout is not only functional, but also pays homage to traditional Chinese architecture, creating a visual harmony that resonates with Tianshui’s cultural environment.
The square pattern, from macro to micro, extends to the bookshelf, contributing to the overall unity of the interior. The interior space of the reading room is arranged in a traditional way, with picturesque views through the windows. Viewed from the outside, however, the facade presents an interesting composition, with large and small windows appearing to be scattered in a deliberately random manner. This intentional duality adds an element of surprise to the architectural narrative, inspiring curiosity and engagement among both interior users and passers-by.
In addition to intelligent and beautiful design, the library was also designed with respect for the environment. It is the first library in China to obtain the “Zero Carbon in Design Phase” certification. This impressive status is achieved through a combination of high thermal insulation, solar and wind power generation, and geothermal utilization. The library is currently in the midst of a year-long demonstration period to demonstrate its environmentally friendly measures in action.
Its commitment to sustainability is furthered by using roof tiles from the demolished building in the forecourt. This adds a touch of historical memory to the landscape while symbolizing a commitment to reuse and recycling, consistent with the scheme’s wider environmental mission. Incorporating recycled materials into the design reflects a holistic approach to sustainability, where every aspect of the construction process is considered to reduce its environmental impact.
The library and daycare center expertly demonstrate how sustainable architecture can push the boundaries of what is possible in the realm of public space. With an expert library and day care center designed to prioritize children, this mixed-use architectural showcase not only serves its immediate community but sets a precedent for global architectural practice, proving that thoughtful design can seamlessly blend functional, aesthetically appealing energy and environmental responsibility.
Project details
Name: Tianshui Plaza
Place: Tianshui, China
Finish: 2023
architect: sacco architects
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