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Quantum computers have long been touted as “miraculous” devices in science fiction movies – however, their impact may soon become a reality.
ISI’s Itay Hen, a research team leader in Hen’s lab, is leading a multi-agency project funded by the U.S. Department of Defense, specifically DARPA, to figure out ways to test the capabilities of quantum computers.
Hen worked with ISI researcher Amir Kalev, USC Dornsife Professor Rosa Di Felice and others to study the opportunities brought by quantum technology.
“Quantum computers promise much more than standard computers,” Hen explained. “DARPA wants to know whether to invest in building large-scale quantum computers and what society can benefit from.”
The research team not only identified problems that quantum computers could help solve, but also quantified clear test benchmarks and determined the resources required.
“We need to make sure we stay on track and do our work where quantum is useful,” Karev added.
Combining science and application
Hen assembles multidisciplinary teams to ensure their contributions are impactful. Subject matter experts designed applicable problems, while quantum computing scientists refined aspects of their calculations.
DiFelice is one of these subject matter experts. She noted, “I identify the theory and resources needed to solve the problem we are interested in and explain why it is more suitable for quantum rather than classical computing methods.”
Sometimes, communication can be a challenge.
“In the beginning, it felt like we were speaking a different language. We quantum information scientists had to use more down-to-earth language to explain our ideas, rather than using abstract algorithmic values to describe things,” Hen recalled.
Quantum problem
“Quantum computers can help discover new materials with profound properties,” Hen said. “They can also solve complex differential equations and predict how complex systems such as the stock market operate and behave.”
One of the questions they raised was whether quantum computers could help find new superconductors.
Superconductors are highly efficient materials that can carry electrical current without resistance. Ordinary electric current generates a lot of heat and wastes energy, whereas superconductors can run electric current without generating heat.
Since superconductors typically operate at low temperatures, researchers wondered whether quantum computers could find some superconductors that work at room temperature, which could become a central building block for technological advancements.
“For example, it’s impossible to run a train with superconducting materials because the environment would have to be very cold,” Karev said. “With room-temperature superconductors, this is possible.”
Resolve unresolved issues
So far, the research team has discovered some interesting techniques for designing problems that existing computers cannot solve. If quantum computers prove effective at solving these problems, they could change society for the better.
“We need to ask questions that we know the answers to but that standard computers can’t solve,” Hen said.
Heng and others are also planning for a future in which quantum influence continues to grow and spread.
“Our research inspires other scientists to work harder to create quantum chips. Quantum computing can enter more industries such as health and energy production,” DiFelice said.
Posted on March 12, 2024
Last updated: March 12, 2024
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